Four years after its creation, at COP 10, in Japan, the Nagoya Protocol on access to and benefit-sharing of genetic resources came into force last Sunday, October 12th, during the Conference of the Parties in Pyeongchang.
The Protocol, named Nagoya because it was approved in the Japanese city of that name, is an international agreement that sets rules for countries with regard to research and development of products based on genetic resources of biodiversity, in addition to requiring fair distribution and equitable benefits arising from the commercialization of these products – this is because, often, the development of these products benefits from the knowledge of traditional people about local biodiversity and, therefore, these communities must benefit (whether through financial benefits or not). financial resources, such as access to training).
Among the 51 countries that have already ratified the Protocol are Peru, Uruguay, Mexico, South Africa, Indonesia, India, in addition to the European Union. Brazil, despite being a country of crucial importance for negotiations on biodiversity, has not yet ratified it, that is, it has not adopted the Protocol as the force of law in the country.
Therefore, Brazilian diplomats here in Pyeongchang are only participating as observers in the negotiations on the Protocol, and cannot be directly involved in discussions related to the topic.
The big issue is that even countries that have not yet ratified the Protocol will have to submit to it from now on, if they do business with any signatory country. Therefore, Brazilian companies that have access to the international market now need to be aware of the new rules.
Yesterday, on Monday, the first plenary session on the Nagoya Protocol was held at COP 12. The session was attended by the Brazilian Braulio Dias, Executive Secretary of the CBD, Elizabeth Mrema, representative of the UN Environment Program (UNEP) and Jae Chun Choe, president of the National Institute of Ecology of South Korea, as well as representatives from other international organizations. The agenda and rules of procedure were officially adopted, in addition to discussing organizational issues and the stage of implementation of the Protocol.
“The Nagoya Protocol is essential to trigger the importance of biodiversity for sustainable development, through the creation of incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, ensuring equity in the sharing of benefits”, reinforced Braulio Dias.
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